President of Peru. He received a place in history serving as the 19th President of Peru from 1843 to 1844, being one of the nation's forefathers, a politician, and as officially as the President of the Government Junta and Grand Marshal of Peru. Born of Spanish nobility as well as the native Inca Empire, he was very proud of his ancestry. Little is known of his childhood or formal education. By the age of 18, he was discontented with the Spanish rule of Peru. From 1843 to 1844, the Peruvian Civil War was a conflict between the revolutionary or constitutional forces of the south led by General Nieto and General to Ramón Castilla and the forces directorial or government officials of General Manuel Ignacio de Vivanco, who used the title of "Supreme Director of the Republic." After fighting in hands-on combat, his military achievements had made him a general by the age of 29 and Grand Marshal of Peru by the age of 39, something never repeated again in Peruvian history. After Vivanco was defeated as the President of Peru, he helped to re-establish the 1838 Peruvian Constitution. Unlike his colleagues, he earned the reputation of defending the constitution against all odds and siding with the rule of law. He died while in office on February 17, 1844, and his close political colleague, Castilla, was elected to replace him. In 1939 the newly created Department of Moquequa had one of its provinces as well as later a military academy were named in honor of him. On December 24, 1954, he was declared National Hero and his remains were transported from his original buried site at Moquegua to the Panteón de los Próceres, Spanish for Heroes' Pantheon, which is the mausoleum inside the old Church of the Real Colegio de San Carlos and an honored final resting place of the forefathers of Peru.